One and Two Stage
Systems
In some implant systems the implants
are placed, covered with the gum tissue and left to integrate or fuse to the
bone. In these two stage systems, the implant is uncovered (stage two) and a
small connector, called a “healing abutment” is attached to the implant which
connects it to the mouth above the gum. The gum tissue heals around it. After a
4-6 week period crowns can be fabricated for tooth replacement. In the one
stage system the implant is left exposed at surgery, slightly protruding
through the gum tissue. The two stage systems are initially more protective,
however each system has its place, merits and indications.
Types of Implants
and Restorations
There are now more than 40 different
types of what can now be termed traditional or standard implants available
today. There are also two others, mini and micro-mini implants. Mini implants
are like traditional implants but usually smaller in diameter where as
micro-mini implants are a variation of the now more traditional implant design,
but smaller, narrower and more screw like in appearance, they are more
temporary in nature and designed to be easily removed.
Types of Implant Restorations:
·
Single tooth replacements: use one
implant and as the name suggests support a single crown.
·
Multiple tooth replacements: multiple
missing teeth can be replaced with multiple implants supporting fixed
bridgework as small as a 3-unit bridge supported by two implants, or with
multiple implants supporting a greater number of teeth. Usually a minimum
number of 4-8 implants are needed to replace a full arch (jaw) of teeth, 10 or
more crowns by fixed bridgework .
·
Combinations of fixed and removable bridgework: generally
where implants are used to support a section of fixed bridgework, to which is
attached a removable section
·
Over-dentures: where two or more implants,
either standard or mini-implants, are placed to provide stabilization of the
denture and preserve the underlying bone. Whereas most traditional full
dentures press directly on the gum and bone causing bone loss by resorption,
implant supported over-dentures protect the bone. Over-dentures are now
considered the standard of care by the American Dental Association for the
patients who have lost all of their teeth in one or both jaws
·
Anchorage for tooth movement (orthodontics): Implants,
either standard, mini, or micro-mini implants, are now being used to provide
very stable and non-movable anchor units to allow quicker and easier tooth
movement
·
Temporary bridgework: utilize
micro-mini implants which are later removed when the permanent implants are
healed and teeth permanently replaced. They ensure that at no time will a person
be without teeth and can therefore be socially comfortable and functional
Your dentist will select the type of
implant that has been evaluated for bio-compatibility, supporting research and
to provide tooth replacement.
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